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Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a standardized (ISO/IEC 19501:2005), general-purpose modeling language in the field of software engineering. The Unified Modeling Language includes a set of graphic notation techniques to create visual models of object-oriented software-intensive systems.

The Unified Modeling Language was developed by Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh at Rational Software in the 1990s.^[1] It was adopted by the Object Management Group (OMG) in 1997, and has been managed by this organisation ever since. In 2000 the Unified Modeling Language was accepted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as industry standard for modeling software-intensive systems. The current version of the UML is 2.4.1 published by the OMG in August 2011.

Unified Modeling Language (UML) combines techniques from data modeling (entity relationship diagrams), business modeling (work flows), object modeling, and component modeling. It can be used with all processes, throughout the software development life cycle, and across different implementation technologies.^[2]

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) offers a standard way to visualize a system's architectural blueprints, including elements such as:

• activities
• actors
• business processes
• database schemas
• (logical) components
• programming language statements
• reusable software components.^[3]

UML has synthesized the notations of the Booch method, the Object-modeling technique (OMT) and Object-oriented software engineering (OOSE) by fusing them into a single, common and widely usable modeling language.^[4] UML aims to be a standard modeling language which can model concurrent and distributed systems.

UML與物件導向方法之關係
    ●UML之訂定與物件導向方法的確有非常密切之關係。
    ●UML中的各種符號及規則與物件導向語言(Java，C++)之結構有完整對應。
    ●但是，UML絕對不僅限用在物件導向軟體開發，UML中有些概念與圖形甚至可說是與物件導向無關，
        例：Use Case Diagram及Statechart Diagram
    ●因此，軟體開發時無論是否採用物件導向方法，UML都是適用的。

UML的內容到底是什麼？
UML對於軟體開發相關人員而言，其實就只是一組符號及規則，其中包括：
1.Basic Building Blocks(都有其相對的符號)
    (1) Things
        ●Structura˙Things：Class、Interface、Collaboration、Use Case、Active Class、Component、Node
        ●Behaviora˙Things：Interaction、State Machine
        ●Grouping Things：Package
        ●Annotation Things：Note
    (2) Relationships：Association、Generalization、Dependence、Realization
    (3) Diagrams
        ●Structural：Class、Object、Component、Deployment
        ●Behavior：Use Case、Activity、Statechart、Sequence、Collaboration
2.Rules(符號的使用規則)
    Name、Scope、Visibility、Integrity、Execution
3.Common Mechanisms(各類符號及圖形通用的機制)
    Specification、Adornments、Common Division、Extensibility Mechanisms